What is typically a consequence of overheating during the welding process?

Overheating during the welding process can lead to increased susceptibility to cracking, which is often a result of several factors related to the thermal effects on the material being welded. When the material is exposed to excessive heat, it can alter the microstructure of the weld and the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The rapid heating and subsequent cooling create stresses within the metal.

These stresses may not only weaken the bond but also lead to the formation of hard, brittle microstructures that are more prone to cracking, especially when additional loads or stresses are applied. Factors such as hydrogen embrittlement and residual stresses from rapid thermal cycling can further exacerbate the risk of cracking in these overheated zones.

In contrast, options that suggest positive outcomes from overheating, such as enhanced hardness of the weld, smoother weld surface finish, or better adhesion between base metals, do not accurately reflect the potential damage that overheating can cause to the material properties and integrity of the weld.