Which ferrous-based metal is generally not cut satisfactorily with an oxy-fuel cutting torch?

When considering the ability of an oxy-fuel cutting torch to effectively cut different types of ferrous-based metals, stainless steel stands out as a material that poses significant challenges. The reason for this relates to the chemical composition and properties of stainless steel, which includes higher levels of chromium and nickel.

Oxy-fuel cutting relies on the combustion of fuel gases in the presence of oxygen to produce a flame that can melt and oxidize metal. While carbon and alloy steels can be easily oxidized due to their simpler compositions, stainless steel’s resistance to oxidation makes it more difficult to cut. The additional alloys in stainless steel create a more complex interaction when exposed to the flame, often resulting in poor cuts and excessive dross formation. This not only affects the quality of the cut but can also lead to warped or distorted edges.

In contrast, carbon steel and alloy steel can be cut effectively because they respond well to the oxidation process, and cast iron can also be cut, albeit with some limitations due to its brittleness. Hence, while many ferrous metals can be cut satisfactorily with an oxy-fuel torch, stainless steel presents specific challenges that make it less suitable for this method.